Pavement



` surface for producing 1o such manner as Patented May 7, 1929.`

,UMTEDv STATES PArnNTjoFFics. y

HERMAN H. SMITH, OF BROOKLYN, NEW` YORK.

PAVEMENT.

Appii'canon sied yApril 3, 192e. seiai no. 99,453.

'a surfacewhich will give sufficient traction for the vehicles passing'over the saine to prevent slippage and to expose the pavement material at the surface of the metallic units through openings serving to further'secure the unit to the pavement material.'

It is still another obj ect to provide spacing elements for the units which will accommodate contractionand expansion of the units but which will insure them to be spaced equidistantly with relation to one another.

These and other objects will appear morek fully as the description proceeds:

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one of the metallic inserts constructed according to my invention.

. Fig. 2is a side elevational view of a portion thereof. f

`Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the insert shown in Fig.' 1. j y

Fig. 4 is a perspective view ofl oneof the spacing units whichsmay be employed. Y

j* Fig. 5 is a similarcview of a modification thereof.

Fig. 6is'a plan view of a unitwith the surface constructed as in the first form of the invention but with a modified anchoring projection.

l Fig. 7iis an end elevation of the insert shown in Fig. 6, and

Fig.- 8 is a vertical sectional yview of a portion o ka completed pavement showingmy invention in position.

' This invention constitutes an improvement upon the lpavement disclosed in my Patent No. 1,560,354, reference being had to this patent .for the general objects and advantages of the paving unit herein disclosed.

Referring to the details of the drawings and particularly to Figs. 1 2g 3,- wherein one complete metallic unit or insert is disclosed, this unit indicated generally by the numeral 10 comprises a portion 12 constitutingthe wearing surface of the insert and formed with side extensions V14 preferably integral therewith and serving to Isecurely anchor the unit in the pavement material, as will appear more fully below. Itis to be understood that the tread portion 12 of the unit is intendedto be ,sunk into the pavement material so as to lie substantially flush with the surface thereof.

The tread surface is formed with any desired number of openings 16 iny the body thereof and with openings 17 formed adjacent to the junction of the extensions '14 and body pory tion 12, thus constituting edge openings for the tread portion of the unit and permitting of the through packing of the pavement material over and around the side extensions. The ends of the unit are formed with additional openings 18 and with corner openings 19, the openings 17 and 18 voccupyinga portion of the tread surface 12 of the unit similar to one-half of the openings land the corner openings 19 being similar substantially to one-fourtli of the openings 16, so that when a series of said units are laid the openings in the series will be of substantially the same size and uniformly arranged. The edges of all of the openings 16 to 19 are preferably inclined as indicated at 20 so' that'these openings will be upwardly flared and when they have received the pavement material the shape of the pavement material therein will be .wedge-shaped for securely holdingfthe. f units from upward movement with respect to thebodyof the pavement material. The tread surface of the unit further provided with surface depressions or grooves 22'preferably formed as'continuing and intersect-v ing groovesextending lengthwise and crosswise throughout the entire surface of the unit. The edges of the depressions or grooves 22 and the sides of the openings form aseries of projections 24surrounding each'of the openings and projecting only a suiiicieiitl diS.-

tance to give the additional traction required for ordinary use. The edge openings 17, 18 and 19 form end projection 23 and side projections 25 which I prefer to reinforce by making the material at these points relatively thick vertically so as to strengthen thel projections and fromfabutment projections yfor receiving the spacing elements herematter referred to. The anchoring exten- 'it attached tothetedjj part i2 et CIK the units by the metal between the openings 17 preferably formed relatively thin and terminating in the enlarged longitudinally extending base portions 264 formed with projections 27 upon the outer sides of the same. The spaces between the projections and 27 form longitudinal grooves 28 for receiving the pavement material and since successive units are formed with the grooves 28 placed in o,p.- posed relation, a relatively large body of continuous pavement material is positioned between the units and serves to hold them firmly embedded therein. lIhe sides ofthe openings y 17 extending into the side members 14 preferably converge downwardly so as to form wedge-shaped openings as shown for example in Fig. 2 for further assisting in holding the unit within the pavement material. The

' lower edges of the side extensions 14 may be formed wit-h locking projections 30 completely'disclosedfin my patent referred to above. l

For the purpose of spacing the metallic units so that they will be firmly held with relation to one `another and to the pavement material but without direct contact of the y `units I prefer to employ a soft metal plug as y.indicated at 32 in Fig. 4, or at 34 in Fig. 5.

The lplug 32 has a reduced extension 32` fitting snugly within the openings 33 formed n the proj ectionsV 23 and 25 of the units, the

enlarged body of the plug engaging the projecting portionsV 25 of adjacent units, thus serving to space them but being displaceable under extreme pressures so that the units will not be caused to buckle or become otherwise displaced, for example, by reason ofthe change in temperature. lIf the form of plug shown in Fig. 4 is employed, such plugs may be placed alternately in the apertures 33 for engagement against the opposed extensions of `the next succeeding block or the blocks may-be inserted in opposed openings 33 and havethe outer faces thereof engaged with one another, in which case the heads of the plugs will be made relatively shorter. The plug 34 shown in Fig. 5 has reduced extensions 34l for engagement in opposed openings 33 so as to `be positioned with relation to the successive units.V It is to be understood that the number ofl plugs employed may be va-A ried so that the plugs may be placed on all lof the extensions23 and 25 or only on certain usual cement base with a cement mortar cushion 36 positioned betweenv the base and the asphalt or other pavement material 38. rIhe metallic unit shown in Fig. 1 is embedded into the pavement material 38 so that the side extensions 14 are firmly anchored therein andl with the locking projections 30 extended into the mortar cushion as indicated at 39. The units are spaced by the plugs 32 positioned within certain of the apertures 33 and engagcd against the opposed faces of the projections 24 and 25, as ldescribed above.

The longitudinal grooves 23 are shown as opposed so as to receive a body ofthe asphalt pavement increasing the continuity of the pavement longitudinally of the units, the projections 25 and 27 serving to position the units in the pavement material. rlhe inclined side edges of the openings 16 to 19 and the inclination of the sides of the openings 17 in the extensions 14 co-operate with the extensions 27 serve to VVsecurely Vhold the units against displacement within the pavement material. In case of an excessive pressure between successive units, the plugs 32 will become compressed, the character of these plugs however normally serving to prevent the displacement ofthe units, for example, while the pavement is being laid.

It is to be understood that the unit` may be used in various ways, for example, it may vbe used vwith asphalt, concrete, rubber or any otherform of pavement in which a metallized surface would be beneficial. It may be em ployed as an insert to be sunk into the pavement material or may be'filled in advance with a pavementmaterial andthe unit so filled laid as a paving block, or the unit may be placed vin an old existing pavement by cutting out portions of the pavement material to receive the anchoring extensions of the units and the space so cut out and partially occupied by the extensions 14 aswell as the openings 16 etc. may be thereafter filled, with plastic paving material such as -hot asphalt. Y

While I have shown and Adescribed certain specific embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that these are merely illustrative and that'I am to be limited only as set forth in the Vappended claims.

`I claim:

1. A metallic paving element adapted to be applied to a pavement material andformedV with a tread portion anddownwardly extending anchoring extensions, said extensions being formed with side projections and depressions upon the outer faces thereof extending throughout substantially the entire length of the same, said projections extending into said pavement material andk said pavement material entering said depressions when said element is applied to a pavement material.

2. A pavement including a body of pavement material and a plurality of metallic insei-ts embedded therein, means for spacing said inserts'relatively to one another, said means comprising spacing plugs having means for engagement With said inserts and formed of a metal softer than the metal `of said inserts.

3. A pavement including a body of pavement material and a plurality of metallic inserts embedded therein, means for spacing said inserts relatively to one another, said Vmeans comprising spacing plugs formed of a metal softer than the metal of said inserts, and means for supporting said plugs on said inserts.

4f. A pavement'including a body of pavement material and a plurality of metallic inserts embedded therein, means for spacing said inserts relatively to one another,vsaid means comprising leaden spacing plugs having means for engagement with said inserts.

5. A pavement including a pavement material and a plurality of metallic units placed in contiguous relation and forming a portion of the exposed Wearing surface thereof, said units being formed With anchoring elements extended into said pavement material, the adjacent surfaces of said anchoring elements being formed with opposed transverse openings and with opposed surface depressions constituting spaces of substantial capacity for receiving paveme t material between said units. f

6. A pavement including a'pavement material and a plurality of metallic units forming a portion of the exposed Wearing surface thereof, said units being formed with anchoring elements extended into said pavement material in contiguous relation, the outer surfaces of adjacent elements in said pavement having opposed depressions forl receiving said pavement materials, said depressions extending throughout substantially the entire length of said elements.

7. Afpavement including a pavement ma-l terial and a plurality of metallic units embedded in said pavement material with the side surfaces of said units arranged incon-y tiguous relation, the side surfaces of adjacent units having opposed surface depressions constituting spaces of substantial capacity for receiving said pavement material and anchoring said units therein.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 30th day of March, A. D. 1926. v

HERMAN H. SMITH. 

